The investigative power is a power which only 
the Senate itself can preserve and protect. It is not 
a party responsibility. The Senate alone has the 
power and the responsibility. Here the courts have no
 function. The Executive cannot enter. Even the Congress 
as a whole is not responsible. Each body of the Congress 
is responsible, and alone responsible, for the 
com¬mittees and for the members who exercise its power
in its name.  And in the case of the whole Senate, the whole Senate is
responsible, because the whole Senate is injured.
In the words of the Constitution (Art. 1, Sec. 5) 
"Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, 
punish its Members for disorderly Behavior . . . and 
for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall 
not be questioned in any other place."
Mr. President, this provision of the 
Constitution is often said to give members immunity from 
responsibility but this immunity relates solely to 
the forum in which they shall be held accountable.
When the Founding Fathers took from a person 
who might be libeled from the floor of the Senate 
the right to have recourse in the courts, they did 
not mean that the floor of the Senate should become


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